全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4200篇 |
免费 | 667篇 |
国内免费 | 651篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3966篇 |
晶体学 | 4篇 |
力学 | 29篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
数学 | 10篇 |
物理学 | 1497篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 32篇 |
2022年 | 73篇 |
2021年 | 93篇 |
2020年 | 106篇 |
2019年 | 107篇 |
2018年 | 91篇 |
2017年 | 135篇 |
2016年 | 173篇 |
2015年 | 178篇 |
2014年 | 200篇 |
2013年 | 288篇 |
2012年 | 294篇 |
2011年 | 265篇 |
2010年 | 260篇 |
2009年 | 307篇 |
2008年 | 318篇 |
2007年 | 305篇 |
2006年 | 288篇 |
2005年 | 250篇 |
2004年 | 264篇 |
2003年 | 212篇 |
2002年 | 173篇 |
2001年 | 138篇 |
2000年 | 148篇 |
1999年 | 121篇 |
1998年 | 123篇 |
1997年 | 84篇 |
1996年 | 51篇 |
1995年 | 54篇 |
1994年 | 53篇 |
1993年 | 39篇 |
1992年 | 47篇 |
1991年 | 36篇 |
1990年 | 37篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 10篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有5518条查询结果,搜索用时 968 毫秒
21.
利用掺钛的蓝宝石飞秒激光系统输出的单脉冲和多脉冲飞秒激光(中心波长800 nm,脉宽50 fs,靶面聚焦直径Ф 40 μm),分别对BK7玻璃基底上厚约500 nm的单层HfO2和单层ZrO2薄膜进行辐照,得到了这两种薄膜在1-on-1和1 000-on-1测试方法下的激光损伤阈值。实验发现,两种方法下HfO2单层膜的阈值均比ZrO2单层膜的阈值高。从简化的Keldysh多光子离化理论出发,认为HfO2薄膜材料的带比ZrO2的宽是导致上述结果的主要原因。同时,同一种薄膜的多脉冲下的阈值比单脉冲下的低,原因是多脉冲下,飞秒激光对光学薄膜的损伤存在累积效应。 相似文献
22.
Shoaib Ahmad 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2002,18(3):309-318
The mechanisms and processes of the formation of the regenerative soot in a graphite hollow cathode discharge that produces
and emits carbon clusters are presented. Mass spectrometry with a specially designed E×B velocity filter analyzes the entire range of the charged clusters from C
1 to ∼C
4300. The state of the carbon vapour within the source is evaluated by using the characteristic line emissions from the carbonaceous
discharge whose formative mechanisms depend upon the kinetic and potential sputtering of the sooted cathode. The carbonaceous
discharge generates atomic and ionic C and its clusters C
m (m≥ 2), noble gas metastable atoms and ions, energetic electrons and photons in the cavity of the graphite hollow cathode. The
parameters of soot formation and its recycling depend critically on the discharge parameters, the geometry of the hollow cathode
and 3D profile of the cusp magnetic field contours.
Received 2nd July 2001 and Received in final form 10 September 2001 相似文献
23.
The features of interaction of a spherical metallic particle with a rarefied thermal plasma flow due to the presence o charges-electrons and ions in the gaseous phase-are considered. Analytical expressions describing charge, momentum, and energy exchange between the plasma and the particle für the cases of strong and weak Debye screening are obtained. It is illustrated that the efficiency of particle heating in the plasma considerably grows as compared with a hot molecular gas due to participation of electrons and ions in file transfer processes. 相似文献
24.
Proton induced X-ray emission has been used to measureL-subshell and total ionization cross-sections of Au, Pb and Bi in the energy range of 200–350 keV. The ionization cross-sections have been extracted using the X-ray spectra and other quantities like fluorescence yields, transition probabilities, relative widths and Coster-Krönig fraction etc. involved in the process. The results have been compared with the cross-sections measured before and discussed in the light of known theories regarding the ion-atom collisions. 相似文献
25.
Guido Momerency Karel Van Cauwenberghe Ernst A. De Bruijn Allan T. Van Oosterom Martin S. Highley Peter G. Harper 《Journal of separation science》1994,17(9):655-661
A method is described for the determination of the antitumor agent iphosphamide and seven of its metabolites in the plasma of cancer patients by multiple ion monitoring (MIM) GC-MS, mainly using the electron capture chemical ionization mode, of stable methyl and/or trifluoroacetyl derivatives. The metabolites determined were 2- and 3-dechloroethyliphosphamide, 4-ketoiphosphamide, carboxyiphosphamide, iphosphamide mustard, and two previously undetected metabolites, chloroethylamine and 1,3-oxazolidine-2-one. The isolation of the acidic and neutral metabolites was performed by solid phase extraction on to C18 adsorbent at pH 4. The weakly acidic iphosphamide mustard, isolated under these conditions with a yield of ca 50%, was measured as a stable methyltrifluoroacetyl derivative, in contrast to the corresponding phosphoramide mustard of the isomer cyclophosphamide which decomposes during derivatization. Chloroethylamine and 1,3-oxazolidine-2-one were isolated with high yield by liquid extraction with ethyl acetate at pH 10. Selective measurement of several metabolite derivatives with similar retention times was performed by multiple ion monitoring MS of specific ion masses, using a methyl phenyl siloxane capillary column previously employed in the study of cyclophosphamide metabolites. Quantitation of metabolites in patient plasma samples could be performed in the concentration range 3 ng to 20 μg per ml of original plasma. 相似文献
26.
利用2~8 MeV的Naq+、Clq+(q=2,3,4,5)轰击氦原子,对碰撞的直接多重电离过程进行研究.实验采用反冲离子-散射离子飞行时间符合技术,通过反冲离子飞行时间谱区分不同价态反冲离子;利用静电偏转和位置灵敏探测技术区分不同电荷态散射离子;结合CAMAC-PC多参数获取系统得到一定价态散射离子所对应的反冲离子电荷态分布谱;经分析该谱得到直接多重电离截面与直接单电离截面之比R21.讨论了R21随入射离子速度和电荷态的变化关系. 相似文献
27.
Summary The potential of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has been studied for the simultaneous determination of sixteen carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides in honeybees using a traditional sample preparation protocol based on acetone extraction and dichloromethane partitioning. The performances of both atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray (ES) interfaces were compared. APCI offered better sensitivity and specificity for a higher range of pesticides. Limits of quantification were from 0.01 to 0.17 mg kg–1, at which recoveries obtained were between 64 and 93%, except for pirimicarb that was at 13%, with relative standard deviations ranging from 7 to 20%. Fenitrothion, fenoxycarb, methiocarb and phoxim were found in bees from Valencian Community beehives at concentrations between 0.03 and 3.75 mg kg–1. 相似文献
28.
Schwinger variational principle has been used to calculate triple differential cross-sections for ionization of hydrogen atoms
by positrons at intermediate and high energies for Ehrhardt type asymmetric geometry. The results agree in general with the
calculations of Brauneret al [8] and with the second Born calculation. 相似文献
29.
30.
Pyrolysis ammonia chemical ionization (PyCI) mass spectrometry was performed on hy-droxyethyl-, hydroxypropyl-,methyl-, hydroxypropylmethyl-, and ethylhydroxyethyl cel-luloses. The mass peaks in the PyCI mass spectra of these cellulose ethers could be assigned to the ions of pyrolytic dissociation products which form via the [2 + 2 + 2] cycloreversion and the Ei elimination pyrolysis pathway. Structural information about the residual amount of nonderivatized cellulose, the relative chain length distributions of the substituents in hydroxyalkyl celluloses, and the end-capping of hydroxyalkyl substituents by alkyl groups in the mixed cellulose ethers is obtained. Interference of secondary pyrolysis products in the PyCI mass spectra is found to be of minor importance, especially in the lower mass regions. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献